Aminosilane Sizing Agent for Carbon Fiber / Epoxy Interface

CAS 919-30-2In StockSample available

Key Features

  • KH-550 (APTES) aminosilane dual-mechanism bonding — silanol to CF surface oxides + amine to epoxy matrix
  • Restores 20–40% ILSS retention improvement in hot-wet conditioned CF/epoxy composites versus unsized fiber
  • Compatible with bisphenol-A, multifunctional epoxy, and cyanate ester matrix systems for drone structures
  • Simple water-based sizing bath application — 0.5–2.0 wt% aqueous solution at pH 4–5
  • Low add-on level (0.5–2.0 wt% LOI) — minimal weight addition while maximizing interface chemistry
  • Applied to CF fabrics and rovings before drone frame wet lay-up or prepreg manufacturing

A 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES, KH-550) based sizing formulation designed for re-sizing desized carbon fiber rovings and fabrics used in drone frame composites. Commercial CF is supplied with a proprietary epoxy-compatible sizing from the fiber manufacturer; however, desized CF (required for thermoplastic matrix composites or after heat cleaning) or CF supplied without sizing must be re-treated before wet lay-up or prepreg manufacturing to restore the fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion that drives interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and compression-after-impact (CAI) performance.

The aminosilane bridges the inorganic carbon fiber surface (surface oxidation groups: –COOH, –OH, –C=O) to the organic epoxy matrix through a dual chemical mechanism: silanol groups condense with surface oxides on the CF, while the terminal amine group reacts with epoxy groups in the matrix at cure temperature. This covalent cross-linking across the fiber-matrix interface prevents the moisture-induced interfacial debonding that degrades ILSS by 20–40% in untreated CF/epoxy composites after hot-wet conditioning.

Application is by aqueous sizing bath (0.5–2.0 wt% silane in water, pH 4–5) or dilute alcohol solution spray. After sizing, CF should be dried at 110–120°C for 30–60 minutes to complete silane condensation and remove residual solvent before lay-up. Compatible with standard bisphenol-A epoxy, multifunctional epoxy, and cyanate ester matrix systems.

Specifications

ParameterValue
CAS Number919-30-2
Active ingredient3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES, KH-550)
Purity (neat APTES)≥97.0%
Appearance (neat silane)Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Flash point (neat APTES)96°C
Compatible matrix systemsBisphenol-A epoxy, multifunctional epoxy, cyanate ester
Silane add-on level on fiber0.5–2.0 wt% LOI
Drying condition after sizing110–120°C, 30–60 min
ILSS improvement (CF/epoxy, hot-wet)20–40% retention improvement vs unsized CF
Recommended sizing bath concentration0.5–2.0 wt% in water (pH 4–5)

Applications

Re-sizing of desized carbon fiber fabric before drone frame epoxy wet lay-upSurface treatment of heat-cleaned CF rovings for prepreg manufacturingAdhesion promotion on CF woven fabric for cyanate ester radome structuresInterface optimization for CF/epoxy structural adhesive bonded drone jointsSurface treatment of chopped carbon fiber before compounding with engineering thermoplasticsCompatibilization agent in CF masterbatch for PA12-CF and PEI-CF drone structural parts

FAQ

Prepare a 1.0–2.0 wt% silane solution: (1) Add water to a clean container (reverse addition prevents hydrolysis clumping); (2) Adjust pH to 4–5 with 1–2 drops of glacial acetic acid per liter of water; (3) While stirring, slowly add KH-550 at the target concentration; (4) Allow 30 minutes hydrolysis time at room temperature before use (solution will become slightly cloudy as silanols form); (5) Dip or pad the CF fabric through the bath, ensuring thorough wetting; (6) Squeeze to remove excess (target LOI 0.5–2.0 wt%); (7) Dry at 110–120°C for 30–60 minutes. Use the sizing bath within 8 hours of preparation — hydrolyzed silanol solutions are not stable for long storage.

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